During pregnancy, which medication has potential adverse effects on fetal development?

ACE inhibitors are known to pose potential risks during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters. They can affect fetal development by disrupting the renin-angiotensin system, which is crucial for fetal kidney and cardiovascular development. The use of ACE inhibitors during this time has been associated with adverse outcomes such as oligohydramnios (reduced amniotic fluid), fetal renal dysfunction, and even fetal death.

The concern arises because ACE inhibitors can cross the placenta, and their effects can lead to significant complications, including issues related to fetal growth and development. The risk of these effects is most pronounced during late pregnancy when the use of ACE inhibitors can cause serious risks to the fetus.

Other medications, while they may also have some risks during pregnancy, do not carry the same level of concern regarding direct fetal development effects as ACE inhibitors do. Calcium channel blockers and beta agonists are sometimes used in pregnancy under medical supervision for specific conditions and have not been shown to have significant teratogenic impacts. Antacids, generally considered safe, are commonly used to manage pregnancy-related indigestion without posing significant risks to fetal development.